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Calculation Methods

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There are different conventions for calculating prayer times. The following table lists several well-known conventions currently in use in various regions:

Method Abbreviation Region Used
Muslim World League MWL Europe, Far East, parts of US
Islamic Society of North America ISNA North America (US and Canada)
Egyptian General Authority of Survey Egypt Africa, Syria, Lebanon, Malaysia
Umm al-Qura University, Makkah Makkah Arabian Peninsula
University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi Karachi Pakistan, Afganistan, Bangladesh, India
Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran Tehran Iran, Some Shia communities
Shia Ithna Ashari (Ja`fari) Jafari Parts of US and Middle East


Method   Fajr Angle Isha Angle Maghrib Angle Midnight
MWL 18 17 - mid Sunset to Sunrise
ISNA 15 15 - mid Sunset to Sunrise
Egypt 19.5 17.5 - mid Sunset to Sunrise
Makkah 18.5 90 min after Maghrib
120 min during Ramadan
- mid Sunset to Sunrise
Karachi 18 18 - mid Sunset to Sunrise
Tehran 17.7 - 4.5 mid Sunset to Fajr
Jafari 16 - 4 mid Sunset to Fajr


Note: Fajr angle was 19 degrees in Umm al-Qura convention before 1430 Hijri.
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