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Calculation Methods
There are several conventions for calculating prayer times. The following table lists some of the well-known conventions currently in use by Muslim community in various regions:
| Method | Abbr. | Region Used |
|---|---|---|
| Muslim World League | MWL | Europe, Far East, parts of US |
| Islamic Society of North America | ISNA | North America (US and Canada) |
| Egyptian General Authority of Survey | Egypt | Africa, Syria, Lebanon, Malaysia |
| Umm al-Qura University, Makkah | Makkah | Arabian Peninsula |
| University of Islamic Sciences, Karachi | Karachi | Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India |
| Institute of Geophysics, University of Tehran | Tehran | Iran, Some Shia communities |
| Leva Research Institute, Qom | Jafari | Some Shia communities worldwide |
| Muslims of France | France | France region |
| Spiritual Administration of Muslims of Russia | Russia | Russia region |
| Islamic Religious Council of Singapore | Singapore | Singapore region |
Calculation Parameters
The table below shows the default parameters for each calculation method:
| Method | Fajr Angle | Isha | Maghrib | Midnight |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MWL | 18° | 17° | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
| ISNA | 15° | 15° | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
| Egypt | 19.5° | 17.5° | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
| Makkah | 18.5° | 90 min after Maghrib 120 min during Ramadan | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
| Karachi | 18° | 18° | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
| Tehran | 17.7° | 14° | 4.5° | mid Sunset to Fajr |
| Jafari | 16° | 14° | 4° | mid Sunset to Fajr |
| France | 12° | 12° | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
| Russia | 16° | 15° | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
| Singapore | 20° | 18° | = Senset | mid Sunset to Sunrise |
Notes:
- Fajr angle was 19 degrees in Umm al-Qura method before Muharram 1430 Hijri (December 2008).
- Isha angle is not explicitly specified in Tehran method.
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